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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Entropy (astrophysics) ： ウィキペディア英語版 Entropy (astrophysics) In astrophysics, what is referred to as "entropy" is actually the adiabatic constant derived as follows. Using the first law of thermodynamics for a quasi-static, infinitesimal process for a hydrostatic system :$dQ\; =\; dU-dW.\backslash ,$ For an ideal gas in this special case, the internal energy, U, is only a function of the temperature T; therefore the partial derivative of heat capacity with respect to T is identically the same as the full derivative, yielding through some manipulation :$$ dQ = C_ dT+P\,dV. Further manipulation using the differential version of the ideal gas law, the previous equation, and assuming constant pressure, one finds :$$ dQ = C_ dT-V\,dP. For an adiabatic process $dQ=0\backslash ,$ and recalling $\backslash gamma\; =\; \backslash frac\}\backslash ,$, one finds : |- |$\backslash frac\; =\; -\backslash frac\backslash gamma.$ |} One can solve this simple differential equation to find :$$ PV^ = \text = K\, This equation is known as an expression for the adiabatic constant, K, also called the adiabat. From the ideal gas equation one also knows :$$ P=\frac\, is Boltzmann's constant. Substituting this into the above equation along with $V=()/\backslash rho\backslash ,$ and $\backslash gamma\; =\; 5/3\backslash ,$ for an ideal monatomic gas one finds :$$ K = \frac}, where $\backslash mu\backslash ,$ is the mean molecular weight of the gas or plasma; and $m\_\backslash ,$ is the mass of the Hydrogen atom, which is extremely close to the mass of the proton, $m\_\backslash ,$, the quantity more often used in astrophysical theory of galaxy clusters. This is what astrophysicists refer to as "entropy" and has units of (cm2 ). This quantity relates to the thermodynamic entropy as :$$ S = k_ \ln \Omega + S_\, where $\backslash Omega\backslash ,$, the density of states in statistical theory, takes on the value of K as defined above. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Entropy (astrophysics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.